Acute Care 10: CPR Steps for Adults, Children, and Infants
(For Healthcare Providers)1,2
| Assessments/ Interventions (all age groups) |
Age-Specific Recommendations | ||
| Adult/Older Child (puberty and older) |
Child (1-year-old to puberty) |
Infant (less than 1-year-old) |
|
| Check for response; check for breathing If unresponsive and/or not breathing and/or agonal respirations |
Activate
emergency response system Get or send for AED or monitor/defibrillator |
Lone
rescuer (witnessed sudden collapse) or more than one rescuer: activate emergency response system Get or send for AED or monitor/defibrillator Lone rescuer (no sudden collapse witnessed): Check pulse and do 2 minutes or CPR, then activate emergency response system/AED |
|
| Check
pulse At least 5 seconds and no more than 10 seconds If no pulse, start compressions at rate of If pulse present go to Open Airway and recheck pulse every 2 minutes |
Check carotid pulse If no pulse, start CPR 100 per minute |
Check carotid pulse If no pulse or pulse <60 bpm with signs of poor perfusion, start CPR 100 per minute |
Check brachial pulse If no pulse or pulse <60 bpm with signs of poor perfusion, start CPR 100 per minute |
|
Compression
location |
Center of
breastbone between nipples |
Just
below nipple line, on breastbone |
|
|
Compression
method |
Use heel
of 1 hand, with other hand on top (For smaller victims, use 1 hand) |
One person CPR: Use 2 fingers Two person CPR: Encircle chest with hands; use both thumbs |
|
|
Compression depth
|
At
least 2 inches (5 cm) |
At
least 1/3 depth of chest (5 cm) |
At
least 1/3 depth of chest (4 cm) |
|
Compression- ventilation ratio |
30:2
(1-or 2-rescue CPR) |
30:2
for 1-rescuer CPR (15:2 for 2-rescuer CPR) |
3:1
for newborns (up to 1-month-old) |
| If
advanced airway inserted, give 8-10 breaths per minute, not synchronized, with compressions |
|||
| Open the Airway | Use head tilt/chin lift; if suspected spine trauma use jaw thrust | ||
| Check breathing If the victim is not breathing, give 2 breaths that make the chest rise |
Take at least 5 seconds and no more than 10 seconds | ||
| If pulseless | Resume CPR; attach and use AED when available (See AED Algorithm) | ||
| If pulse present Continue rescue breathing; Recheck pulse every 2 minutes |
Adults: 8-10 breaths/minute | Infants and Children: 12-20 breaths/minute |
|
References
- Travers AH, Rea TD, Bobrow BJ, Edelson DP, Berg RA, Sayre MR, et al. Part 4. CPR overview: 2010 American Heart Association Guidelines for Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation and Emergency Cardiovascular Care. Circulation. 2010;122(suppl 3):S676-S684.
- Hazinski MF, Samson R, Schexnayder S, editors. 2010 Handbook of Emergency Cardiovascular Care. Dallas, Tx: American Heart Association, 2010.